Hysteroscopy

Couples who have undergone IVF treatment but have not achieved a positive result are investigated in detail as to the reasons for not getting pregnant while starting treatment again. Patients who have not achieved pregnancy in the first treatment are not worried. However, if pregnancy has not occurred in 2 or more IVF treatments despite the use of quality embryos, various tests are performed.

First of all, the causes of the expectant mother are investigated and tests are carried out to determine whether there are any abnormalities such as intrauterine adhesions, fibroids or polyps in the uterus that may prevent the embryo from attaching. To do this, fluid is injected into the uterus using ultrasound to check that the uterine cavity is normal. This method is simple and painless for the patient. Another method, uterine X-ray (HSG), is also used to detect such abnormalities. However, because HSG is painful and carries risks such as infection, hysteroscopic examination is more preferred. With hysteroscopy, a small camera system is inserted into the uterus and a detailed examination is obtained. With this easy method, it is also possible to correct abnormalities in the uterus. Hysteroscopy is frequently used in cases of failed IVF treatment and should only be performed by experienced surgeons.

Prevention of embryo implantation due to blockage in the tubes of the expectant mother is another reason for the negative outcome of IVF treatment. In this case, which can be identified by ultrasonography and called hydrosalpenx, it is possible to reveal the extent of the hydrosalpenx more clearly and treat it by taking a uterine film or laparoscopy. Fluid accumulating in the tubes can flow into the uterus, preventing embryos from implanting or causing early miscarriages during pregnancy. In such cases, laparoscopic removal of the tubes or tying them at the point where they join the uterus greatly increases the chances of success. Fluid accumulation in the tubes is one of the most important and most common causes that reduce the chances of IVF in the expectant mother.

Hormonal disorders also interfere with embryo development and embryo implantation. Diseases of the thyroid gland and an increase in the milk hormone (prolactin) secreted by the pituitary gland in the brain are important. Hormone levels measured with a blood test can identify these disorders. Polycystic ovary disease and the increase in insulin hormone it causes can make pregnancy difficult and can also lead to miscarriages. For this reason, the chance of pregnancy can be increased by using diabetes medications that reduce insulin resistance.